In a show of unity, tens of thousands of protesters marched to New Zealand’s Parliament on Tuesday, demanding the preservation of Māori treaty rights. The demonstration, one of the largest in New Zealand’s recent history, highlights growing tensions over ACT party leader David Seymour’s proposed bill to change the country’s founding treaty between the British Crown and Māori chiefs.
What is the Treaty of Waitangi?
The Treaty of Waitangi, considered New Zealand’s founding document, exists in two versions—English and Māori—that differ on crucial points, particularly around the Māori chiefs’ autonomy and land rights. It was signed on February 6, 1840, by representatives of the British Crown and chiefs. Over the centuries, breaches by the Crown led to the loss of Māori lands and suppression of their language.
Since the 1970s, Māori activism and legal action have reshaped how New Zealand handles the treaty. Billions have been paid in settlements, the Māori language has revived, and treaty principles now guide the country’s laws.
A weeklong protest
The protests, following the Māori tradition of ‘hīkoi‘, started a week ago and travelled across the country before reaching Wellington. Crowds marched through the streets of the capital, waving flags, singing Māori songs, and holding placards that voiced opposition to the bill. Police estimated over 40,000 people filled Parliament’s grounds and the surrounding streets, forcing road closures.
“We are walking for the promises made to our ancestors,” said one protester.
The bill, introduced by David Seymour, leader of a small libertarian party, aims to set clear definitions for the treaty’s principles. The bill has sparked political uproar, with critics claiming it could undo decades of progress in respecting the 1840 Treaty of Waitangi between Māori chiefs and the British Crown.
Seymour’s bill
Minister for Regulation of New Zealand, David Seymour’s bill aims to redefine the treaty’s principles and apply them universally, arguing that the current system unfairly advantages Māori. “Piecemeal construction of the treaty’s meaning has left a vacuum and has given Māori special treatment,” said Seymour.
Critics, including former prime ministers, legal experts, and Māori leaders, warn that the bill compromises the constitution and weakens treaty-guaranteed rights.
Prime Minister Christopher Luxon said the proposal will not become a law.
